As persecution increased, Allah ordered the Muslims to migrate to Yathrib, later called Madinah. In 622 CE, the Prophet ﷺ left Makkah secretly with Abu Bakr (RA). This journey, called the Hijrah, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
In Madinah, the Prophet ﷺ built the first mosque, established brotherhood between migrants and locals, and created the first Islamic society based on justice, unity, and faith. Muslims and non-Muslims lived together under a written constitution that protected rights and freedoms.