The Islamic Republic of Iran is located in West Asia and belongs to the Middle East. Iran's northern part borders the Caspian Sea, while the southern part is adjacent to the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. Iran's eastern neighbors are Pakistan and Afghanistan, while the northeast borders Turkmenistan, the northwest borders Azerbaijan and Armenia, and Turkey and Iraq lie to the west. With a land area of approximately 1,648,195 square kilometers, it ranks eighteenth worldwide, and its population exceeds seventy million, close to eighty million, making it one of the populous countries.
